Travel Insurance with Suresave

* We strongly advise you not to travel to Afghanistan because of the extremely dangerous security situation and the very high threat of terrorist attack. We continue to receive a stream of reporting indicating that terrorists are planning attacks against a range of targets including places frequented by foreigners. These reports include information about a potentially heightened threat of attack on days of national significance.

* If you are in Afghanistan you should consider leaving.

* Demonstrations resulting in deaths and injuries occurred in Kabul on 29 May 2006. Areas affected included the northern suburbs and areas frequented by foreigners, including the diplomatic quarter, the presidency and US and NATO bases. You should avoid unnecessary travel within the capital, particularly to locations recently targeted by protesters.

* You should avoid demonstrations, public gatherings and minor disputes that may occur as they have the potential to escalate and become violent. You should closely monitor the media and other local information sources for information about new possible safety and security risks.

* Since October 2005 there has been a significant upsurge in the number of serious terrorist incidents, including suicide bombings, and further attacks are expected. In 2005 there have been several kidnapping attempts of foreign nationals, underlining the ongoing threat to Westerners in Afghanistan.

* There is no Australian diplomatic presence in Afghanistan. You should register your presence online with the Canadian Embassy in Kabul which provides consular assistance to Australians in Afghanistan.

* We also strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Albania because of the risk of violent criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to the north-east region bordering the Serbia and Montenegro province of Kosovo (including the cities of Bajram Curri and Tropoje) because of the risk of criminal violence and unexploded ordnance along the Albania-Kosovo border.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Albania. The Australian Embassy in Greece provides consular assistance to Australians in Albania. The British Embassy in Tirana can also assist Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in urban centres in Algeria such as Algiers and Oran because of the risk of terrorist attack.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to non-urban areas of Algeria at this time because of the high threat of terrorist attack against Western interests and banditry. If you do decide to travel to non-urban areas of Algeria, you should exercise extreme caution.

* Because of the high threat of terrorist attack, we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Algeria. The Canadian Embassy in the Algerian capital, Algiers, provides consular assistance to Australians in Algeria (except the issue of passports). The Australian Embassy in France can also assist Australians in Algeria.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time its reissued.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to Angola, with the exception of the capital Luanda, because of the high risk of civil unrest and criminal violence.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Luanda because of the risk of civil unrest and criminal violence. If you decide to travel to other parts of Angola, you should exercise extreme caution.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the border areas with Zambia because of the risk of armed incursions and landmines in these areas.

* There is currently an outbreak of cholera in Angola, affecting the capital Luanda and the majority of provinces.

* Australia has a Consulate in Angola headed by an Honorary Consul which provides limited consular assistance. The Australian Embassy in Zimbabwe provides full consular assistance to Australians in Angola.

* Given the high risk of civil unrest and criminal violence, we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Argentina because of the risk of criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Armenia, because of the risk of criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* We strongly advice you not to travel to Nagorno-Karabakh and the military occupied area surrounding it because of the risk of armed conflict along the border and ceasefire line with Azerbaijan.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Armenia. The Australian Embassy in Russia provides consular assistance to Australians in Armenia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Azerbaijan because of the risk of civil unrest.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* The World Health Organization (WHO) has confirmed human deaths from avian influenza in Azerbaijan. See the Health Issues section below for advice to Australians travelling to or resident in Azerbaijan.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the western region of Nagorno-Karabakh and surrounding areas because of the risk of armed clashes along the Armenian border.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Azerbaijan. The Australian Embassy in Turkey provides consular assistance to Australians in Azerbaijan.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time its reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Bahrain because of the high threat of terrorist attack.

* We continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks against Western interests in the region. Commercial and public areas known to be frequented by foreigners are possible terrorist targets.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Bahrain. The Australian Embassy in Saudi Arabia provides consular assistance to Australians in Bahrain.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Bangladesh because of the threat of terrorist attack.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to Phulbari in the northern district of Dinajpur because of the current security situation. If you are in the area you should consider leaving if it is safe to do so.

* Demonstrations in Phulbari directed at Asia Energy resulted in at least five deaths and many more injuries. The situation in Phulbari could change without notice and Australians could be caught up in any violence directed at others. Protests against the companys offices in Dhaka could also occur. You should avoid any such demonstrations or protests as they could turn violent.

* You should avoid demonstrations, street rallies and public gatherings throughout the country, including provincial centres. Such events could become catalysts for violence and civil disorder. You should closely monitor the media and other local information sources for information about safety or security risks.

* Terrorists have intensified their attacks against domestic targets in Bangladesh and further attacks are possible. A November 2005 attack in Chittagong against a courthouse was the first confirmed suicide attack in Bangladesh and demonstrates that terrorists throughout Bangladesh now have the intent and capability to carry out indiscriminate suicide attacks. There is also a risk of terrorist attack against Western interests and kidnapping of Westerners.

* In mid-March 2006, the United States decided to suspend indefinitely its Peace Corps program in Bangladesh due to the possibility that terrorist elements might attempt to attack Peace Corps volunteers in Bangladesh.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to the Chittagong Hill Tracts region because of the high risk of kidnapping and politically motivated violence.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Belarus.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Belarus. The Australian Embassy in Russia provides consular assistance to Australians in Belarus.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Belgium.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Belize.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Belize. The Australian Embassy in Mexico City provides consular assistance to Australians in Belize.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your security in Benin.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Benin. The Australian High Commission in Nigeria provides consular assistance to Australians in Benin.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Bolivia because of the high threat of civil unrest.

* Acts of civil unrest, ranging from road blockages to large, violent anti-government protests have occurred in Bolivia in the past. The use of tear gas and force to control disturbances is common.

* Air travel, within Bolivia and international flights, may be disrupted as a result of labour disputes affecting the national airline, LAB.

* Australia has a Consulate in Bolivia headed by an Honorary Consul which provides limited consular assistance. The Australian Embassy in Chile provides full consular assistance to Australians in Bolivia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Bosnia and Herzegovina because of the risk of being caught up in incidents associated with ethnic tension or criminal activity, including violent attacks.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Australia has a Consulate in Sarajevo headed by an Honorary Consul which provides limited consular assistance. The Australian Embassy in Vienna provides full consular assistance to Australians in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Botswana.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* You should be cautious about activities involving the transmission of bodily fluids as the level of HIV/AIDS infection in Botswana is very high.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Botswana. The Australian High Commission in South Africa provides consular assistance to Australians in Botswana.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Brazil because of the risk of criminal activity.

* There has been an increase in the number of incidents of violent gang-related activity throughout the State of Sao Paulo. Most incidents have been directed at police, security officials and related facilities but have also included attacks on official buildings, public buses being set alight and several bank robberies. There is an increased police presence on the streets of Sao Paulo.

* You should monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* You should avoid all demonstrations and protests given their potential to turn violent.

* The Brazilian airline, Varig, has recently been sold and has suspended most international and domestic flights, except for its shuttle service between Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo. Passengers with reservations or tickets for Varig flights are advised to contact other airlines operating the same route to negotiate a seat. Varig tickets may not be honoured by other airlines. Passengers experiencing difficulties should contact Varig directly or, if in Brazil, the National Civil Aviation Agency (Agencia Nacional de Aviacao Civil) at its service centres located in all Brazilian airports.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Brunei because of the risk of terrorist attack.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Burkina Faso because of the risk of criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in the border region between Burkina Faso and Cote d'Ivoire due to banditry, violent ethnic tension and the uncertain security situation in Cote d'Ivoire.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Burkina Faso. The local Canadian Embassy in Ouagadougou provides consular assistance to Australians in Burkina Faso (except the issue of passports). The Australian High Commission in Ghana can also provide assistance to Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Burma because of the risk of terrorism and politically motivated unrest.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the border area between Burma and Thailand because of the risk of ethnic conflict and banditry.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to Burundi because of ongoing civil unrest.

* If you are in Burundi you should consider leaving unless you have compelling reasons to stay.

* Several grenade attacks have occurred in bars in the capital Bujumbura since late June, resulting in deaths and injuries.

* The recent arrests of senior political figures linked to an alleged coup plot have raised tensions in Bujumbura.

* Because of the unpredictable security situation we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Burundi. The Australian High Commission in Kenya provides consular assistance to Australians in Burundi.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Cambodia because of the risk of civil unrest and violent criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* In the past year there have been human cases of avian influenza in Cambodia. See the Health Issues section below for advice to Australians travelling to or resident in Cambodia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Cameroon because of high levels of serious crime.

* Pay close attention to your personal security at all times and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the border area with the Central African Republic because of the risk of cross-border skirmishes.

* We still strongly advise you not to travel to the border area with Nigeria in the region of the Bakassi Peninsula because of the risk of localised fighting erupting without warning.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Cameroon. The Canadian Embassy in the capital, Yaoundé, provides consular assistance to Australians in Cameroon (except the issue of passports). You should register your presence online with the Canadian Embassy. The Australian High Commission in Nigeria can also assist Australians in Cameroon.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Canada.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to the Central African Republic at this time due to the tense and potentially dangerous security situation following a military coup against the government in 2003.

* If you do decide to travel to the Central African Republic you should exercise extreme caution.

* Given the very high risk of civil unrest we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in the Central African Republic. The Australian High Commission in Nigeria provides consular assistance to Australians in the Central African Republic.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Chile.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in China.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to Colombia at this time because of the very high threat of terrorism and criminal activity. Terrorist, insurgent and paramilitary groups are active throughout Colombia and there is a high risk of kidnapping, including of foreigners.

* Recent reporting indicates terrorists may be in the final stages of planning attacks in Bogota. You should avoid all government buildings and other public places such as shopping centres and places of entertainment.

* On 21 September 2006, the US Embassy issued a warden message alerting its citizens to avoid shopping malls in northern Bogota, including the Andino Mall, Atlantis Mall, Retiro Mall and the surrounding Zona Rosa restaurant district, and the Unicentro Mall.

* Government buildings, public transport and commercial and entertainment centres are potential targets for terrorist attacks. Places frequented by foreigners could be targeted by groups such as the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC).

* On 31 July 2006, a number of people were killed and injured in car bomb attacks on the military in Bogota and in the rural areas of Narino and Norte de Santander departments.

* You should avoid all demonstrations and large public gatherings because of their potential to turn violent.

* Because of the very high threat of terrorism, we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Australia has a Consulate in Bogotá headed by an Honorary Consul which provides limited consular assistance. The Australian Embassy in Brazil provides full consular assistance to Australians in Colombia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in the Cook Islands.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in the Cook Islands. The Australian High Commission in New Zealand provides consular assistance to Australians in the Cook Islands.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Costa Rica because of the risk of serious criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Costa Rica. The Canadian Embassy in San Jose provides consular assistance to Australians in Costa Rica (except for the issue of passports). The Australian Embassy in Mexico City can also assist Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) because of the very uncertain security situation.

* If you are in Côte d'Ivoire you should consider leaving.

* Toxic waste was dumped in the Abidjan region between 31 August and 4 September 2006. You should avoid the affected neighbourhoods of Vridi, Anyama Road, Yopougon, Alepe, Pateau-Dokui and Akouedo. Fumes have also spread to Koumassi, Marcory, Port-Bouet and Cocody. If you develop breathing difficulties or eye-nose irritation you should seek medical attention.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Côte d'Ivoire. The Canadian Embassy, located in Abidjan, provides consular assistance to Australians in Côte d'Ivoire (except the issue of passports). You should register your presence online with the Canadian Embassy. The Australian High Commission in Ghana can also assist Australians in Côte d'Ivoire.

* Because of the unpredictable security situation we strongly recommend that you also register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Croatia.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* There is a serious problem of unexploded land mines in several parts of Croatia. You can check the latest information on known and suspected mine areas with the Croatian Mine Action Centre . You should not travel away from known safe areas.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Cuba because of the risk of criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Cuba. The Australian Embassy in Mexico provides consular assistance to Australians in Cuba. The Canadian Embassy in Havana can also assist Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Cyprus.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in the Czech Republic.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Australia has a Consulate in Czech Republic headed by an Honorary Consul which provides limited consular assistance. The Australian Embassy in Poland provides full consular assistance to Australians in the Czech Republic.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) because of the risk that tensions on the Korean Peninsula could escalate with little warning.

* There are reports the DPRK conducted a nuclear test on 9 October 2006. The Australian Embassy in Beijing is monitoring the situation closely.

* Register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in the DPRK. The Australian Embassy in China provides consular assistance to Australians in DPRK. The Swedish Embassy in Pyongyang can also provide assistance to Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the Democratic Republic of the Congo because of ongoing civil unrest and widespread lawlessness. A recent surge in violence occurred after the announcement of provisional election results on 20 August and tensions remain high.

* If you are in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, you should consider leaving.

* If you do decide to remain in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, you should exercise extreme caution in Kinshasa and other parts of the country. You should avoid all travel after dark.

* Recent civil unrest has resulted in the cancellation of some flights to Kinshasha as well as the temporary closure of the boat service to Brazzaville.

* Because of the volatile and unpredictable security situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The Canadian Embassy in Kinshasa provides consular assistance to Australians in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (except for the issue of passports). The Australian Embassy in Zimbabwe can also assist Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Denmark

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Djibouti because of the high threat of terrorist attack.

* We continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks against a range of targets, including places frequented by foreigners.

* In May 2006, Djibouti reported its first human case of avian influenza. See the Health Issues section below for advice to Australians travelling to or resident in Djibouti.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Djibouti. The Australian High Commission in Kenya provides consular assistance to Australians in Djibouti.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to East Timor at this time because of the uncertain security situation. There is an international security presence in East Timor which has improved the security environment, although further violence and demonstrations cannot be ruled out. The situation could change without notice and Australians could be caught up in any violence directed at others.

* You should avoid demonstrations, street rallies and public gatherings. Such events could become catalysts for violence and civil disorder. Demonstrations can occur at or near symbols and institutions of the Government of East Timor, including the Palacio do Governo (government buildings), the Court, the Presidential Palace and the National Parliament. You should closely monitor the media and other local information sources for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* There have been continuing incidents of gang related violence, arson and vandalism in Dili. You should maintain a high level of personal security awareness and avoid any minor disputes or other incidents that may occur as they have the potential to escalate.

* You should seek accommodation with good security and avoid unnecessary travel, particularly at night. Some gangs in Dili have attacked cars with potentially lethal stones and darts fired from slingshots, particularly during the early evening and at night.

* Violent disturbances have also occurred in some of East Timors districts and provincial centres. You should avoid armed irregular groups.

* Because of the uncertain security situation, we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Ecuador because of the risk of terrorism and civil unrest.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* The Tungurahua volcano in central Ecuador is currently active. See the Natural Disasters and Health Issues sections below for further advice.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the north-east border region of Ecuador because of the high threat of terrorist and criminal activity by groups based in Colombia.

* We strongly advise you not to hike to the antennas of Volcan Pichincha via Cruz Loma, west of Quito, because of the risk of criminal activity.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Ecuador. The Australian Embassy in Chile provides consular assistance to Australians in Ecuador. The Canadian Embassy in Quito can also provide consular assistance to Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Egypt because of the high threat of terrorist attack. We continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks against a range of targets, including places frequented by foreigners such as resorts and hotels and symbols of the Egyptian Government. Attacks could occur at any time, anywhere in Egypt.

* Recent terrorist attacks in Egypt have targeted foreign tourists resulting in large numbers of deaths and often coincide with local holiday weekends. The security posture of Egyptian security forces remains at elevated levels in the Sinai and throughout Egypt. Australians would be well-advised to exercise a high degree of caution, particularly those who are considering travel to or within the Sinai. Further attacks can be expected.

* On 24 April three explosions took place in the resort town of Dahab (Sinai) resulting in a number of deaths and many injuries, including to Australians. Suicide bombers attacked Multinational Force and Observers (MFO) and Egyptian Police vehicles in the northern Sinai on 26 April 2006. These attacks underline the ongoing terrorist threat to tourists.

* Tourist areas and popular destinations such as Hurghada, Luxor, Aswan, Giza, Alexandria, Red Sea and Sinai resorts or elsewhere in Egypt are potential terrorist targets as are commercial and public areas known to be frequented by foreigners.

* Political developments in the region, including in relation to the situation in Lebanon, may prompt large demonstrations across the region, including in Egypt. These demonstrations could turn violent and should be avoided.

* There have been human deaths from avian influenza in Egypt. See the Health Issues section below for advice to Australians travelling to or resident in Egypt.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in El Salvador because of the risk of serious criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in El Salvador. The Canadian Embassy in San Salvador provides consular assistance to Australians in El Salvador (except the issue of passports). The Australian Embassy in Mexico can also assist Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Eritrea because of the high threat of terrorist attack against Western interests.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the regions bordering Ethiopia and Sudan. Tensions have risen sharply along Eritrea's closed border with Ethiopia following restrictions imposed by the Eritrean governments in October 2005 on the UN peacekeeping mission monitoring the border. Bomb attacks have occurred near Eritrea's border with Sudan.

* The Eritrean Government has advised that effective 1 June 2006, all foreign nationals are required to obtain travel permits to travel out of Asmara. If you do receive permission to travel outside of Asmara and encounter difficulties, the ability of the Australian Government to provide consular services, including emergency assistance may be hampered.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Eritrea. The Australian High Commission in Kenya provides consular assistance to Australians in Eritrea.

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* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Estonia.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Australia has a Consulate in Tallinn headed by an Honorary Consul, which provides limited consular assistance. The Australian Embassy in Sweden provides full consular assistance to Australians in Estonia.

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* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Ethiopia because of the high threat of terrorist attack against Western interests and ongoing political tensions.

* A series of explosions took place in Addis Ababa on 12 May 2006 resulting in death and injury. These follow a similar series of explosions in Addis Ababa on 7 and 27 March 2006 that targeted public areas and transportation. Tensions remain high and further violence could flare up at any time, including in other centres in Ethiopia.

* Violent demonstrations occurred in November 2005 in Addis Ababa, resulting in the deaths of protesters.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the border areas with Kenya, Somalia and Sudan, including the Gambella region, or to the disputed border area between Eritrea and Ethiopia because of the extremely dangerous security situation in these areas.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Ethiopia. The Canadian Embassy in Addis Ababa provides consular assistance to Australians in Ethiopia (except the issue of passports). The Australian High Commission in Kenya can also assist Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Fiji.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, particularly in the region bordering the Serbian province of Kosovo and including adjacent areas of southern Serbia because of the risk of civil unrest and inter-ethnic violence.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Australia has a Consulate in Skopje headed by an Honorary Consul which provides limited consular assistance. The Australian Embassy in Serbia provides full consular assistance to Australians in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.

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* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your polic

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time its reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in France.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in French Polynesia.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Australia has a Consulate in French Polynesia headed by an Honorary Consul which provides limited consular assistance. The Australian Consulate-General in New Caledonia provides full consular assistance to Australians in French Polynesia.

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* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Gabon because of the high levels of serious crime.

* Pay close attention to your personal security at all times and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Gabon. The Canadian Embassy in Yaounde, Cameroon provides consular assistance to Australians in Gabon (except the issue of passports). The Australian High Commission in Nigeria can also assist Australians.

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* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* The terrorist attacks outside the Australian Embassy in Jakarta on 9 September 2004 and in Bali on 1 October 2005 and 12 October 2002 underscore the ongoing threat to Australians across the world posed by international terrorism.

* The terrorist attacks against the public transport systems in the United Kingdom in July 2005 and Spain in March 2004 further highlight the world wide risk of terrorist attack against Westerners and Western interests. Over the past year, terrorist bombings have also targeted and killed foreigners in Jordan, Egypt and Qatar.

* We continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks. Terrorist operations could range from kidnappings, hijackings, bombings, suicide operations or other acts of violence, such as drive-by shooting. Terrorists may attack official or civilian targets depending on their particular objectives at the time.

* Violent and petty crime occurs in many countries. You should familiarise yourself with the types of crime that may occur and locations where you may be particularly at risk.

* When you are overseas, local laws apply to you and penalties, particularly for drug-related offences, can be severe and can include the death penalty.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to destination specific advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Georgia because of the serious risk of crime against foreigners, including kidnapping.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the regions of South Ossetia, Abkhazia and the Pankisi Gorge north of Akhmeta because of the threat of terrorist and criminal activity related to local separatist movements.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Georgia. The Australian Embassy in Russia provides consular assistance to Australians in Georgia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Germany.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Ghana because of the risk of criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Greece.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Guam.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* As Guam is an unincorporated US territory, you should read this advice together with our travel advice for the United States of America.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Guam. The Australian Embassy in the Federal States of Micronesia provides consular assistance to Australians in Guam.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Guatemala because of the risk of serious criminal activity and incidents of local unrest.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Guatemala. The Australian Embassy in Mexico provides consular assistance to Australians in Guatemala. The Canadian Embassy in Guatemala City can also provide consular assistance to Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Guinea because of the risk of civil unrest and criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the border regions with Sierra Leone, Liberia and Cote d'Ivoire because of the unsettled security situation in these areas resulting from problems in neighbouring countries and the risk of banditry and armed rebel activity.

* We also strongly advise you not to travel to the Guinea Forestiere region around Nzerekore in the south because of the risk of ethnic violence.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Guinea. The Canadian Embassy in Senegal can provide consular assistance to Australians (except the issue of passports). The Australian High Commission in Ghana can also assist Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Guyana because of the risk of serious criminal activity.

* Crime rates in Guyana are high, particularly in the capital, Georgetown.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Guyana. The Australian High Commission in Trinidad and Tobago provides consular assistance to Australians in Guyana.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to Haiti at this time because of on-going political instability and criminal lawlessness.

* If you do decide to travel to Haiti, you should exercise extreme caution.

* Given the unpredictable security situation, we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Haiti. The Australian High Commission in Trinidad and Tobago provides consular assistance to Australians in Haiti.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Honduras because of the risk of criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Honduras. The Australian Embassy in Mexico provides consular assistance to Australians in Honduras.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free e-mail updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Hong Kong.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in India because of the risk of terrorist activity by militant groups.

* Following a series of explosions on the rail network in Mumbai on 11 July 2006 that killed over 100 people, alert levels remain raised across India with additional security measures in place at airports and railways stations. Additional security measures may cause delays for passengers.

* You should pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media and other local information sources for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Prominent government buildings, public transport, places of worship and commercial and public areas are potential targets for terrorist attack. You should be particularly vigilant in the lead up to and on days of national significance such as Republic Day (26 January) and Independence Day (15 August), as militants have in the past used such occasions to mount attacks.

* We advise you not to travel to Jammu and Kashmir, except for travel to Ladakh via Manali, or travel to Leh by air, because of armed clashes and terrorist activities.

* Explosions in Srinagar, the capital of Jammu and Kashmir, on 11 July 2006 killed at least five people and injured several others.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to the north-eastern states of Assam, Nagaland, Tripura and Manipur because of the risk of armed robbery, kidnapping, extortion and terrorism related incidents. If you do decide to travel to these areas, you should exercise extreme caution.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to Indonesia, including Bali, at this time due to the very high threat of terrorist attack. We continue to receive a stream of reporting indicating that terrorists are in the advanced stages of planning attacks against Western interests in Indonesia against a range of targets, including places frequented by foreigners. If you are in Indonesia, including Bali, and are concerned for your safety you should consider departing. If you do decide to travel to Indonesia, including Bali, you should exercise extreme caution.

* In December 2005, Indonesian authorities warned publicly that terrorists in Indonesia may be planning to kidnap foreigners.

* Terrorist attacks against Westerners in Bali and Jakarta indicate that these areas are a priority target for terrorists in Indonesia. Suicide attacks against locations frequented by foreigners in Bali and Jakarta have killed and injured many people. Extremists may be planning attacks from August to December 2006. Locations that might be targets, include Jakarta, Bali and Batam. However terrorist attacks could occur at any time, anywhere in Indonesia.

* The situation in Lebanon has prompted some anti-Israel demonstrations in Jakarta and it is possible further demonstrations could occur. Any demonstrations or protests should be avoided.

* We strongly advise you not travel to Aceh, Maluku (particularly Ambon) and Central Sulawesi due to the very unstable security situation and risk of terrorist attack. We advise you to read carefully the sections below on travel to Kalimantan, Papua, other parts of Sulawesi and West Timor where additional security risks exist.

* A tsunami triggered by a strong undersea earthquake off the coast of West Java struck the areas of Pangandaran, Cipatujah-Tasikmalaya, Cilacap and Kebumen 270 km southeast of Jakarta on 17 July 2006. These areas have sustained substantial damage. There are reports of a number of deaths and casualties. Australians in the affected area should consider departing if possible. They should follow the advice of the local authorities. For consular assistance they should contact the Australian Embassy in Jakarta on +62 21 2550 5555.

* Mt. Merapi in central Java continues to be a threat. The warning level was downgraded to level II (Ready status) on 7 August 2006, according to the Indonesian Directorate of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation. Australians in the area should take precautions as ash, dust and toxic fumes emitted from the volcano represent a significant health risk. Details can be found in our separate travel bulletin Indonesia-Mt Merapi volcano.

* In the past year there have been human cases of avian influenza in Indonesia. See the Health Issues section below for advice to Australians travelling to or resident in Indonesia.

* Because of the serious terrorist threat we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Iran because of the threat of terrorist attack against Western interests. We continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks against a range of targets in Iran, including places frequented by foreigners.

* Acts of political violence occur throughout Iran, particularly in the capital, Tehran, including bomb attacks against both foreign targets and Iranian government establishments.

* Political developments in the region, including in relation to the situation in Lebanon, may prompt large demonstrations across the region, including in Iran. These demonstrations could turn violent and should be avoided.

* Large demonstrations and threats to western interests have occurred in Tehran over the publication in some western countries of cartoons depicting Islam's Prophet Mohammed. You should avoid any large gatherings and demonstrations, pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for updates.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the regions bordering Pakistan in Sistan and Baluchistan provinces, the border with Afghanistan in Khorasan province and the border with Iraq in Khuzestan and Ilam provinces because of the extremely dangerous security situation.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time its reissued.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to Iraq because of the extremely dangerous security situation and very high threat of terrorist attack. We continue to receive a stream of reporting indicating that terrorists and anti-government forces are in the advanced stages of planning attacks against a range of targets, including places frequented by foreigners. If you are in Iraq and are concerned for your safety you should consider leaving.

* Terrorist attacks, including kidnappings and deadly attacks on civilians using roadside bombs, suicide vests and car bombs which are directed at destabilising the new Iraqi government and forcing the withdrawal of Coalition forces, are likely to continue.

* Kidnappings for ransom and hostage taking for political gain are common in Iraq and may be fatal. The kidnapping of an Australian in Iraq in April/May 2005 underlines the very high risk of kidnapping of foreigners.

* Terrorists and anti-government forces have carried out numerous attacks against places frequented by foreigners such as hotels and restaurants outside the International Zone. Westerners and places frequented by westerners, including hotels and restaurants, have also been attacked inside the International Zone. Further such attacks can be expected.

* Due to the risk of surface-to-air attacks against aircraft, we advise you not to travel over Iraq on aircraft without self-protection capabilities. Australian government employees do not travel to or depart from Baghdad International Airport on commercial flights.

* Due to access limitations and the difficult security environment, the Australian Embassy's ability to provide consular services is limited, particularly outside Baghdad.

* There have been three human cases of avian influenza in Iraq. See the Health Issues section below for advice to Australians travelling to or resident in Iraq.

* Given the unpredictable security situation and very high threat of terrorist activity we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to Israel at this time due to the very high threat of terrorist attack and civil unrest.

* While the official cessation of hostilities came into effect on 14 August 2006, the situation in the northern region of Israel remains unstable. We strongly advise you not to travel to the northern region of Israel. Australians who choose to travel to the northern region of Israel should monitor the media and follow the public announcements of local authorities.

* If you do decide to travel to Israel, you should exercise extreme caution and follow the security-related instructions of Israeli authorities. We continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks against a range of targets, including places frequented by tourists.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the Gaza Strip or the West Bank because of the extremely dangerous security situation. The security environment has deteriorated further since 27 June when Israel began its incursion into the Gaza Strip, and again since the northern border clashes on 12 July. If you are in the Gaza Strip or West Bank you should leave if it is safe to do so. If you are in the Gaza Strip, we urge you to contact the Australian Embassy in Tel Aviv immediately.

* Recent credible reporting indicates that terrorists may be planning to kidnap foreign nationals from the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. There have been a significant number of kidnappings of foreign nationals in the past. On 14 March 2006, two Australians were kidnapped from the American International school in Gaza City and subsequently released. This was the third incident involving Australians since July 2005.

* If in spite of our advice to leave the Gaza Strip or the West Bank you decide to stay in these areas, you should ensure you have adequate and continuous close personal protection from a professional security service. The ability of the Australian Government to provide consular services to Australians in these areas may be severely limited.

* Large sometimes violent demonstrations and threats to western interests have occurred in the Palestinian Territories. You should avoid any large gatherings and demonstrations, pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for updates.

* In light of the very high threat of terrorist activity throughout Israel, the Gaza Strip and the West Bank we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Italy.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time its reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Jamaica.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Jamaica. The Australian High Commission in Trinidad and Tobago provides consular assistance to Australians in Jamaica.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Japan.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Jordan because of the high threat of terrorist attack. International hotels have been attacked by terrorists in the past and further attacks cannot be ruled out. The central business and embassy districts of Amman, other metropolitan and tourist centres and premises, symbols and buildings associated with the Jordanian Government and key transport infrastructure are also possible targets. We continue to receive reports that terrorists may be planning attacks in Jordan against Westerners and places frequented by Westerners.

* On 4 September 2006, a lone gunman shot at a group of foreign tourists and their tour guide close to the Roman ruins in downtown Amman, killing one person and injuring six.

* Terrorist suicide attacks on 9 November 2005 against three international hotels in the capital, Amman, killed and injured many people, including foreigners. Tourist hotels throughout Jordan, in particular in Amman, Aqaba, the Dead Sea and other resort areas, are potential targets for attack.

* A public statement, purportedly by the leader of Al Qaeda in Iraq, has suggested that Al Qaeda's targets in Jordan might include a number of places frequented by foreigners, including tourist hotels, embassies and consulates, as well as Jordanian government sites.

* Political developments in the region may prompt large demonstrations in Jordan. These demonstrations could turn violent and should be avoided.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time its reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Kazakhstan because of the risk of criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Australia has a Consulate in Kazakhstan headed by an Honorary Consul which provides limited consular assistance. The Australian Embassy in Moscow provides full consular assistance to Australians in Kazakhstan.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Kenya because of the high threat of terrorist attacks against Western interests in Kenya and high crime levels. We continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks against a range of targets, including places frequented by foreigners.

* In March 2006, large protests occurred in Nairobi and in other urban centres following police raids on local media institutions. There is a possibility of further demonstrations. You should avoid all demonstrations and large public gatherings as they may turn violent.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the border regions with Ethiopia, Sudan and Somalia because of the extremely dangerous security situation. Cross border violence occurs, including kidnapping, armed banditry, and violent tribal and clan disputes.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Kuwait because of the high threat of terrorist attack. We continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks against a range of targets in Kuwait, including Western interests.

* These reports include information about possible targets, such as US military and identifiably Western targets, including hotels, restaurants and symbols and buildings associated with the Kuwaiti government. However, we emphasise that attacks could occur at any time, anywhere in Kuwait.

* Possible terrorist targets also include commercial and public areas known to be frequented by foreigners.

* The situation in Lebanon has prompted demonstrations directed against the United States and Israel in Kuwait City. Further demonstrations could turn violent and should be avoided.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Kyrgyzstan because of the risk of violent civil unrest and the high threat of terrorist attack.

* While the political environment had calmed following violent protests after the Parliamentary elections in February 2005, there are indications that the security situation in the capital, Bishkek, may be deteriorating. The security environment is also particularly uncertain in the South and South-West, including in the city of Osh.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Kyrgyzstan. The Australian Embassy in Russia provides consular assistance to Australians in Kyrgyzstan.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time its reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Laos because of the risk of criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Latvia.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Australia has a Consulate in Latvia headed by an Honorary Consul which provides limited consular assistance. The Australian Embassy in Sweden provides full consular assistance to Australians in Latvia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to Lebanon at this time because of the uncertain security situation. The Israeli Defence Force (IDF) continues to withdraw from southern Lebanon as more United Nation peacekeepers arrive. The international security presence in southern Lebanon has improved the security environment, although further violence cannot be ruled out. The situation could change without notice and Australians could be caught up in any violence directed at others.

* We strongly advise you not to travel south of the Litani River, the Bekaa Valley and Mount Lebanon due to the threat posed by unexploded ordinance and landmines.

* During the recent conflict, the IDF struck southern Lebanon, the southern suburbs of Beirut, the Beirut-Damascus highway and infrastructure elsewhere in the country. Official cessation of hostilities came into effect on 14 August 2006. Since then there have been military operations in areas known to be frequented by Hezbollah. These areas or any areas where military activity is ongoing should be avoided.

* There are significant numbers of unexploded ordinance and landmines in the Bekaa Valley, Mount Lebanon and southern Lebanon. Australians are strongly advised to keep to paths and to warn children of the potential hazard if they need to travel to these areas. Minefields remain in other areas throughout Lebanon from previous conflicts.

* The air blockade of Beirut International Airport was lifted on 7 September 2006. The airport is open and operating normally.

* The Beirut-Damascus highway, the road from Beirut through Tripoli to the Syrian border and a number of roads and bridges to the South have been damaged and may require detours off main highways.

* Commercial and public areas known to be frequented by foreigners are possible terrorist targets.

* Political assassinations continue to occur in Lebanon, including through the use of car bombs. Such incidents can lead to retaliatory attacks or other violence. Bystanders can be caught up in these attacks.

* You should avoid any large gatherings and demonstrations as these may turn violent. You should pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for updates.

* Given the uncertain security situation, we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Lesotho.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* The level of HIV/AIDS infection in Lesotho is very high.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Lesotho. The Australian High Commission in South Africa provides consular assistance to Australians in Lesotho.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to Liberia at this time because of the tense and unpredictable security environment and the risk of serious crime

* If you do decide to travel to Liberia, you should exercise extreme caution.

* Because of the unpredictable security situation we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Liberia. The Australian High Commission in Ghana provides consular assistance to Australians in Liberia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Libya because of the risk of terrorism.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel at this time to the border areas with Niger, Chad and Sudan because of the presence of armed tribal groups as well as increased military activity in the area due to problems with illegal immigration.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Macau.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Macau. The Australian Consulate-General in Hong Kong provides consular assistance to Australians in Macau.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time its reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Madagascar because of the risk of criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks..

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Madagascar. The Australian High Commission in Mauritius provides consular assistance to Australians in Madagascar.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Malawi.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Malawi. The Australian Embassy in Zimbabwe provides consular assistance to Australians in Malawi. If you are planning to stay in Malawi for more than six months, you should consider registering with the British High Commission in Lilongwe (email: bhclilongwe@fco.gov.ukbhclilongwe@fco.gov.uk) or the Honorary British Consulate in Blantyre (email: savjani@globemw.netsavjani@globemw.net).

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Malaysia because of the risk of terrorist attack.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to coastal resorts and other centres on and islands and dive sites off the east coast of Sabah because of the high threat of kidnapping by terrorists. Terrorists have, in the past, kidnapped foreigners from the eastern coast of mainland Sabah, and from the islands and sea off its east coast. If you are in these areas you should consider leaving. We cannot rule out the possibility of kidnappings from other coastal areas of Sabah, including urban centres, and islands off the coast.

* If you are intending to travel overland from Malaysia to Thailand you should be aware of the travel advice for Thailand which recommends that travellers reconsider their need to travel at this time to the far southern Thai provinces of Yala, Pattani, Narathiwat and Songkhla, including overland travel from and to the Malaysian border through these provinces.

* Since the beginning of July 2006, there have been renewed outbreaks of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in the State of Sarawak. See the Health Issues section for further information.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in the Maldives.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in the Maldives. The Australian High Commission in Sri Lanka provides consular assistance to Australians in the Maldives.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Mali.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* We strongly advise you not to travel north of Timbuktu and to the border areas with Mauritania, Algeria and Niger because of the risk of banditry and the activities of armed extremist groups.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in the border region with the Côte d'Ivoire due to violent ethnic tension, banditry and the uncertain security situation in Côte d'Ivoire.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Mali. The Canadian Embassy in the Mali capital, Bamako, provides consular assistance to Australians in Mali (except the issue of passports). The Australian High Commission in Ghana can also assist Australians in Mali.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Mauritania because of the high threat of terrorist attack. We continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks against a range of targets, including places frequented by foreigners.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the border areas with Mali and Algeria because of the risk of banditry and the activities of armed smugglers and extremist groups.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Mauritania. The Australian Embassy in France provides consular assistance to Australians in Mauritania. The United States Embassy in Nouakchott can also provide consular assistance to Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Mauritius.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Mexico because of the risk of criminal activity.

* The results of recently held Presidential and Congressional elections are being contested and have resulted in large protests and demonstrations, mainly centred in Mexico City.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to the city of Oaxaca at this time because of civil unrest associated with on-going and increasingly violent protests and demonstrations. The protests and demonstrations are related to local labour issues and are primarily centred on the city's main square (Zocalo) but have also occurred throughout the city and surrounding areas. Serious violence, including arson and at least two fatalities, has occurred. Road blocks and the closure or occupation of government offices, including the State tourism office and police stations have also occurred. The safety and security situation in Oaxaca remains tense and unpredictable with further violence possible.

* You should avoid all protests and demonstrations and closely monitor the media and other local sources for information about possible security risks. You should follow the instructions of the local authorities.

* Information on hurricanes or other severe weather conditions can be obtained from U.S. National Hurricane Center and Tropical Prediction Center. In the event of a hurricane or natural disaster, you should closely monitor the media and follow the advice of local authorities.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Moldova.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in the north-eastern region of Transnistria. The security situation in that region is unpredictable as it is not under government control.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Moldova. The Australian Embassy in Russia provides consular assistance to Australians in Moldova.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Mongolia because of the risk of serious criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Mongolia. The Australian Embassy in China provides consular assistance to Australians in Mongolia. The British Embassy in Mongolia can also provide limited assistance to Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Morocco because of the high threat of terrorist attack against Western interests. We continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks against a range of targets, including places frequented by foreigners.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the Western Sahara because of the risk posed by landmines.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Morocco. The Australian Embassy in Paris provides consular assistance to Australians in Morocco. The Canadian Embassy in Morocco can also provide assistance to Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Mozambique because of the risk of criminal activity.

* The level of HIV / AIDS infection in Mozambique is high.

* Australia has a Consulate in Mozambique headed by an Honorary Consul which provides limited consular assistance. The Australian Embassy in Zimbabwe provides full consular assistance to Australians in Mozambique.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Namibia because of the risk of criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* There is an outbreak of polio in Namibia, including in the capital Windhoek, with some deaths and growing numbers of infections reported. You should ensure your polio vaccination is up-to-date before travelling to Namibia and that you carry proof of the vaccination with you.

* You should be cautious about activities involving the transmission of bodily fluids as the level of HIV/AIDS infection in Namibia is very high.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Namibia. The Australian High Commission in South Africa provides consular assistance to Australians in Namibia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to Nepal at this time because of the uncertain security situation.

* Since April 2006 a ceasefire has been in place between the Nepal Government and the Maoists the Maoists extended their ceasefire on 28 July for a further three months. However, the security situation in Nepal remains unpredictable and could rapidly deteriorate.

* You should monitor the media and other local information sources for information about possible demonstrations or public gatherings. You are strongly urged to avoid demonstrations as they can turn violent.

* Maoists and political parties call enforced national and local strikes (bandhs) during which most businesses are closed. Lack of transport during strikes can make travel very difficult.

* Because of the uncertain security situation, we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in the Netherlands.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free e-mail updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in New Caledonia.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Industrial relations disputes have the potential to create localised tensions and disruptions. You should monitor developments and plan accordingly.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in New Zealand.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Nicaragua because of the risk of serious criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the North Atlantic Autonomous Region, northeastern Nicaragua and remote areas of the Atlantic coast because of ongoing military operations against armed criminal groups.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Nicaragua. The Australian Embassy in Mexico provides consular assistance to Australians in Nicaragua.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Niger because of the risk of criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the border areas with Algeria, Libya, Mali, Chad and Nigeria, including the Azawagh area between the Malian and Algerian borders, because of the risk of armed banditry and the activities of armed extremist groups.

* We also strongly advise you not to travel to the Air Massif, Tenere and Kaouar regions in central Niger because of the clashes between Nigerien security forces and armed groups.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Niger. The Canadian Embassy in Niamey provides assistance to Australians in Niger. The Australian High Commission in Nigeria can also assist Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Nigeria because of the risk of terrorist attack, civil unrest and the high level of serious crime.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the riverine area in Bayelsa, Delta, Rivers (including Bonny Island), Akwa Ibom and Anambra States in south-eastern Nigeria because of the risk of violent protests against foreign oil companies located in the area and localised civil unrest and violence.

* In the Warri area of Delta State the conflict between the Nigerian military and Ijaw militant elements continues. Militants have significantly increased their kidnappings of expatriate oil workers and foreign businessmen in the area encompassing the cities of Port Harcourt, Warri, Eket and Owerri.

* On 4 October and 28 August 2006 the US Consulate in Lagos issued warden messages advising that it had received credible information of impending threats to attack and/or take hostages from the following areas: Intels camp, Kilometer 16, Aba Road; Orlando Courts behind Hotel Presidential; Prodeco Camp, Onne; Wilbros Site II, Rumuelimeli; Daewoo, Bonny Island LNG facility, Rivers State; Eket, Akwa Ibom State.

* Militants have also warned some foreign missions to advise their citizens to leave the Niger River Delta or face indiscriminate attack.

* Security has been increased at airports in the south of the country due to threats to oil and gas industry related flights. This includes flights operating between Owerri, Warri and Lagos. Recent credible reporting indicates a potential terrorist threat against the Nigerian Aero Contractors airline.

* We also advise you not to travel to the Bakassi Peninsula because of possible violence following Nigeria's recent hand-over of the northern part of the Peninsula to Cameroon. If you are already in these areas and are concerned for your safety, you should consider departing.

* We also advise you to reconsider your need to travel to the central (Taraba, Plateau, Adamawa and Benue States) and northern (Bauchi, Borno, Katsina, Sokoto and Kano States) regions of Nigeria because of the risk of serious inter-communal violence and unrest.

* Large, sometimes violent demonstrations resulting in significant loss of life have occurred in Nigeria. You should avoid large public gatherings and demonstrations as they may become violent.

* Given the unpredictable security situation in some parts of Nigeria, we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Oman because of the high threat of terrorist attack. We continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks against a range of targets, including places frequented by foreigners.

* Commercial and public areas known to be frequented by foreigners are possible terrorist targets.

* Political developments in the region, including in relation to the situation in Lebanon, may prompt large demonstrations across the region, including in Oman. These demonstrations could turn violent and should be avoided.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Oman. The Australian Embassy in Saudi Arabia provides consular assistance to Australians in Oman.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to Pakistan at this time due to the very high threat of terrorist attack and the unpredictable security situation.

* If you do decide to travel to Pakistan, you should exercise extreme caution. We continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks against a range of targets, including places frequented by foreigners.

* Recent credible reporting indicates a potential terrorist threat against Western hotels in Islamabad.

* Security at the Australian High Commission in Islamabad is at a high level as a precautionary measure and the Government has, since May 2004, authorised the voluntary departure of the dependants of Australian High Commission staff in Islamabad.

* Recent reports suggest that terrorists are planning attacks against Western, including Australian, individuals and interests in Peshawar, but we emphasise that attacks could occur at any time, anywhere in Pakistan.

* Following the suicide bombing on 2 March 2006 near the US Consulate and Marriott Hotel in Karachi, which killed four people including a US diplomat, the Government has advised Australian diplomatic and consular staff in Pakistan to exercise extra security vigilance. The suicide bombing in Karachi demonstrates that terrorist continue to target western interests.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to Baluchistan, the federally-administered tribal areas, and areas adjacent to Pakistan's borders with Afghanistan and India (particularly near the Line of Control in Kashmir) due to security concerns. If you are in these areas you should consider leaving.

* The death of a prominent tribal leader on 25 August 2006 has increased the already high levels of civil unrest in the province of Baluchistan. Retaliatory attacks against government and security interests in Baluchistan are likely, as are attacks against oil, natural gas and other power infrastructure and railways. Potentially violent anti-government protests could occur in other provinces across Pakistan.

* You should avoid all demonstrations and protests in Pakistan as they may become violent.

* Given the unpredictable security situation and very high threat of terrorist activity we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Palau.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Palau. The Australian Embassy in Micronesia provides consular assistance to Australians in Palau.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Panama because of the risk of criminal activity and incidents of civil unrest.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the Darien Gap, beyond Yaviza, because of the risk of violent criminal activity.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Panama. The Australian Embassy in Mexico provides consular assistance to Australians in Panama. The British Embassy in Panama City can also provide consular assistance to Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time its reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Papua New Guinea because of the high levels of serious crime.

* Crime rates are high in the capital Port Moresby and in other areas of Papua New Guinea, especially in Lae, Mt Hagen and other parts of the Highland provinces.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Peru because of the risk of serious criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* The Ubinas Volcano (in the north of Moquegua Department) has increased volcanic activity and a State of Emergency is in effect. Areas affected are being evacuated and access may be difficult. Australians in the affected areas should follow the advice of local authorities and monitor the media for information.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the areas of Peru bordering Ecuador and Colombia because of the risk of kidnapping by narcotics traffickers who reportedly operate in the area. The border area between Peru and Colombia is heavily patrolled and monitored by the Peruvian army to prevent the entry of armed rebels from Colombia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time its reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in the Philippines because of the high threat of terrorist attack. We continue to receive credible reports that terrorists are planning attacks against a range of targets, including places frequented by foreigners. Some reports suggest that terrorists could target sites in Metro Manila, Mindanao including the Sulu Archipelago, and Cebu Province. If you do decide to travel, you should exercise extreme caution when you are in the Philippines.

* In February 2005 there were terrorist attacks in Manila and further attacks could occur at any time, anywhere in the Philippines. Places frequented by foreigners, such as bars, pubs, shopping malls, fast food outlets, and places of worship may be targeted for attack. .

* The state of emergency declared on 24 February was lifted on 3 March 2006 though the potential for street demonstrations and other civil unrest activities remains. You should avoid any demonstrations and protests given their potential to turn violent.

* There is a danger of kidnapping throughout the Philippines, including in Manila and around coastal and island tourist resorts throughout the country. Terrorists have kidnapped tourists from these areas.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to Mindanao, including the Zamboanga Peninsula and the Sulu Archipelago because of the very high threat of terrorist attack, including kidnapping, and related counter-terrorism operations. Recent credible reporting indicates terrorists may be in the advanced stages of planning to attack places frequented by foreigners. These reports indicate that attacks are imminent and could occur at any time.

* On 11 October a bomb exploded in a shopping mall in Cotabato City and on 10 October 2006 two explosions occurred, the first in Tacurong (near Isulan) and the second in Makilala, resulting in a number of deaths and injuries. These attacks underline the ongoing terrorist threat in the region. Further attacks are likely. Possible targets include restaurants, shopping malls including Mega Malls, hotels, hostels, guesthouses, bars or clubs in major population centres, including but not limited to Carmen, Isulan, Kidapawan, Cagayan de Oro City, Davao City, General Santos City, Cotabato City, Maganoy and Pagadian. If you are in these areas you should consider leaving.

* On 6 October 2006 the alert level for the Mayon volcano in Albay Province, south east Luzon was lowered to two. A Permanent Danger Zone of six kilometres has been established around the summit by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology. Australians are advised to follow the instructions of the local authorities.

* The alert level for the Bulusan volcano in Sorsogon Province is currently at level 1, indicating a decreased probability of volcanic activity. A Permanent Danger Zone of four kilometres has been established around the summit by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology due to the continuing threat from sudden steam-driven explosions and rock falls from the upper slopes. You should avoid areas surrounding the Bulusan volcano.

* Australians in these regions should take precautions as the ash, dust and toxic fumes emitted from the volcanoes represent a significant health risk.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time its reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Poland.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* You should avoid all protests and demonstrations and monitor the media and other local sources for information about possible security risks. You should follow the instructions of the local authorities.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Qatar because of the high threat of terrorist attack. We continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks against a range of targets, including places frequented by foreigners.

* Commercial and public areas known to be frequented by foreigners are possible terrorist targets.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Qatar. The Australian Embassy in the United Arab Emirates provides consular assistance to Australians in Qatar.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in the Republic of Korea.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* There are reports the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) conducted a nuclear test on 9 October 2006. The Australian Embassy is monitoring the situation closely.

* Register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Russia because of the threat of terrorist activity, particularly by Chechen separatists. Russian authorities continue to warn of the possibility of further terrorist attacks in Moscow.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the North Caucasus, in particular the regions of Chechnya, Dagestan, Ingushetia, North Ossetia, the south-east part of Stavropol bordering Chechnya, Karbardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia, because of the risk of military clashes and terrorist attacks.

* You should pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Rwanda because of the risk of rebel and criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security at all times and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to the areas bordering Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo at this time because of the high risk of conflict between government forces and rebels. These areas include the Virunga National Park and Nyungwe Forest.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Rwanda. The Australian High Commission in Kenya provides consular assistance to Australians in Rwanda.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Samoa.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to Saudi Arabia at this time due to the very high threat of terrorist attack. We continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks against a range of targets, including residential housing compounds. Terrorist attacks could occur at any time, anywhere in Saudi Arabia, including Riyadh.

* If you do decide to travel, you should exercise extreme caution when you are in Saudi Arabia.

* The United States Embassy in Riyadh has advised US citizens that terrorists may be targeting diplomats and foreigners who may be camping or exercising on the outskirts of the city of Riyadh and in the desert.

* Previous terrorist attacks in Saudi Arabia have targeted both Saudi citizens and foreigners. These attacks have caused the deaths of many people, including Australians.

* Political developments in the region, including in relation to the situation in Lebanon, may prompt large demonstrations across the region, including in Saudi Arabia. These demonstrations could turn violent and should be avoided.

* Given the high terrorist threat in Saudi Arabia we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy,

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Senegal.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in the Casamance region of southern Senegal because of the risk of clashes between separatist rebels and government forces. Armed bandits also operate in the area.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Senegal. The Canadian Embassy in Dakar provides consular assistance to Australians in Senegal (except the issue of passports). The Australian High Commission in Ghana can also assist Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Serbia, including in the province of Kosovo, because of the risk of serious inter-ethnic violence and criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* The security situation in Kosovo may deteriorate during talks regarding the future political status of Kosovo which began in February 2006 and are continuing.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Serbia and Montenegro, including in the province of Kosovo, because of the risk of serious inter-ethnic violence and criminal activity. * Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks. * The security situation in Kosovo may deteriorate during talks regarding the future political status of Kosovo, scheduled to commence in late February 2006. * Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas: * organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy * register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency * subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time its reissued.

* There is a worldwide risk of attacks on shipping at sea and in port by terrorists and pirates.

* We advise you to monitor closely the department's destination-specific travel advisories for areas close to waters you intend travelling on.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free e-mail updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Sierra Leone because of the risk of civil unrest and criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security at all times and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the border areas with Liberia and Guinea because of the unsettled security situation in these areas.

* The capital Freetown is currently experiencing severe water shortages, resulting in some public disorder and raising fears of a cholera outbreak.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Sierra Leone. The Australian High Commission in Ghana provides consular assistance to Australians in Sierra Leone.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

Summary

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Singapore, because of the risk of terrorist attack.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy,

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency,

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to the Solomon Islands at this time because of the uncertain security situation.

* If you do decide to travel to the Solomon Islands, you should exercise extreme caution.

* Since the resumption of Parliament on 2 October 2006, political tensions have increased in Honiara. Although parliament has now risen, political tensions remain high.

* You should avoid protests and large gatherings as they may turn violent. Such events could become catalysts for violence and civil disorder, which may be directed at Australian interests.

* There remain criminal elements within the community, some of whom have access to firearms. We continue to receive information suggesting that some of these may be encouraging criminal activity and acts of violence targeting the Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands (RAMSI) and expatriate civilian community for political purposes. Australians may be at particular risk. There is a threat of violence directed at the Australian High Commission and the Honiara Hotel.

* There has been a marked increase in gang-based criminal activity in and around East Honiara, particularly the Burns Creek area and the nearby Ranadi industrial centre.

* Because of the uncertain security situation, we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to Somalia because of widespread lawlessness and fighting between militia groups. A recent upsurge of violence in Mogadishu has spread to other towns and tensions remain high. There is also a high threat of terrorist attack.

* If you are in Somalia you should consider leaving.

* Foreigners, including Australians, have been kidnapped for ransom in the past. Westerners have been targeted and killed in attacks throughout Somalia, including in the capital, Mogadishu.

* Piracy occurs in coastal areas of Somalia.

* Given the extremely dangerous security situation and very high threat of terrorist attack, we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Somalia. The Australian High Commission in Kenya provides consular assistance to Australians in Somalia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in South Africa because of the high level of serious crime.

* There is currently an outbreak of polio in neighbouring Namibia. If travelling in the Northern Cape Province to the south of Namibia, you should ensure your polio vaccination is up-to-date.

* You should be cautious about activities involving the transmission of bodily fluids as the level of HIV/AIDS infection in South Africa is very high.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Spain because of the risk of terrorism and street crime.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to Sri Lanka at this time because of the deteriorating security situation and risk of terrorist attack. Tension between the Government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) has escalated. Fighting has resumed in the north of the country around Jaffna. The Trincomalee area in the east has been subjected to shelling. There has been a significant escalation in the number of serious incidents of politically motivated violence. A number of explosions have occurred in Colombo and the surrounding areas. Recent credible reports indicate that further attacks in Colombo and elsewhere in southern Sri Lanka are being planned for between August and November 2006. Further explosions could occur at any time, including in Colombo. There is also a danger of kidnapping for ransom of foreign nationals in Sri Lanka, including in Colombo. If you do decide to travel to Sri Lanka, you should exercise extreme caution.

* Recent reports indicate that terrorists may be planning suicide attacks against a sporting event.

* Politically motivated violence, including in Colombo, is continuing to occur with increasing frequency. Recent instances include a roadside bomb targeting a busy road in central Colombo which was defused by police on 22 August and a roadside bomb attack on the military escort of the Pakistani High Commissioner in central Colombo on 14 August which killed eight people. Attacks could occur at any time and in any place, including infrastructure associated with the Sri Lankan Government such as military establishments, public transport, airports, sea ports, oil depots and public buildings, as well as political offices of anti-LTTE Tamil organisations. Potentially affected locations may also include shopping malls, clubs, hotels, restaurants, bars, movie theatres, schools, places of worship, embassies, tourist areas (including national parks), markets and outdoor recreation areas, and major sporting events or religious festivals.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the north and east of Sri Lanka, including to the Wilpattu National Park, at this time. An explosion in Wilpattu National Park on 20 May 2006 killed 7 visitors. If you are already in the north or east of Sri Lanka or in the Wilpattu National Park and concerned for you safety, you should consider departing if it is safe to do so. Politically motivated violence including assassinations, bombings in public places and on roads is escalating and there is widespread civil unrest. Communal and inter-ethnic tensions in these regions are very high and further violence is likely. The Sri Lankan Government and the LTTE have engaged in significant battles in the general vicinity of Trincomalee and Jaffna. There have also been military strikes in the Batticaloa, Mulaitivu, and Killinochchi areas.Travellers have inadvertently been caught up in these actions.

* A state of emergency was declared by the government of Sri Lanka following the assassination of the Foreign Minister on 13 August 2005 and remains in effect. The state of emergency gives additional powers to security forces including the authority to establish road blocks and impose curfews. Roads can be closed without notice.

* You should closely monitor the media and other local information sources for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* You should also avoid all political gatherings or demonstrations given their potential to turn violent.

* Because of the unpredictable security situation, we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to Sudan because of the extremely dangerous security situation. If you are in Sudan you should consider leaving if it is safe to do so. There is a very high threat of terrorist attack and we continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks against Western interests in Sudan, including in the capital, Khartoum.

* The situation in the Darfur region is increasingly volatile. Civilians, including aid workers and journalists, are at risk of general lawlessness, and of being caught up in the violence between the various factions. There have been a number of attacks on foreign aid workers and non-government organisations and further attacks could occur. Although African Union Mission in Sudan troops will remain in the region until 31 December 2006, rebel fighters are increasingly active and the Government of Sudan has reportedly ordered the deployment of thousands of its troops to Darfur which could further inflame the situation. Many international organisations (including peace monitors) have withdrawn staff from the region.

* Since late October 2005, a number of foreign aid workers have been killed and others injured in southern Sudan and northern Uganda in attacks attributed to a rebel group and further such attacks could occur.

* Politically-motivated demonstrations are common in Sudan. You should avoid all riots and demonstrations as participants and bystanders have been killed.

* There is currently an outbreak of cholera in Sudan, affecting the capital Khartoum and the majority of states in the north and south. See the Health Issues section below for advice to Australians travelling to or resident in Sudan.

* Given the high threat of terrorist attack and volatile security situation in Sudan we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Sudan. The Australian Embassy in Egypt provides consular assistance to Australians in Sudan.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Suriname.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Suriname. The Australian High Commission in Trinidad and Tobago provides consular assistance to Australians in Suriname.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Swaziland.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* You should be cautious about activities involving the transmission of bodily fluids as the level of HIV/AIDS infection in Swaziland is very high.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Swaziland. The Australian High Commission in South Africa provides consular assistance to Australians in Swaziland.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Sweden.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade does not issue a travel advice for Switzerland at this time.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to Syria because of the high threat of terrorist attack and volatile security environment in the region.

* If you do decide to travel to Syria you should exercise extreme caution. You should avoid all large gatherings and demonstrations as they may turn violent. You should also closely monitor the media and other local information sources for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* On 12 September 2006, gunmen launched an attack on the US Embassy in Damascus. At least four people, including 3 of the attackers, were reportedly killed in the attack.

* Political developments in the region, including in relation to the situation in Lebanon, may prompt large demonstrations across the region, including in Syria. These demonstrations could turn violent and should be avoided.

* Commercial and public areas known to be frequented by foreigners are possible terrorist targets.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Syria. The Canadian Embassy in Syrian capital, Damascus, provides consular assistance to Australians in Syria (except the issue of passports). The Australian Embassy in Egypt can also assist Australians.

* Because of the unpredictable security situation, we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Taiwan.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Tajikistan because of the high threat of terrorist attack and potential for civil unrest, particularly in the period leading up to the Presidential elections to be held in November 2006.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to central regions of Tajikistan, including the Karategin Valley, because of the potential for civil unrest.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel at this time to the border regions with Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan because of the risk posed by landmines and inter-clan strife. We also advise you to reconsider your need to travel to the border regions with Afghanistan due to the hazardous security situation in that country. If you do decide to travel to these areas you should exercise extreme caution.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Tajikistan. The Australian Embassy in Moscow provides consular assistance to Australians in Tajikistan.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Tanzania, including Zanzibar, because of the high threat of terrorist attack and high levels of violent crime. We continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks against a range of targets, including places frequented by foreigners.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the border areas with Rwanda, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo because of the risk of banditry.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Tanzania. The Canadian Embassy in Dar es Salaam provides consular assistance to Australians in Tanzania. The Australian High Commission in Kenya can also assist Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* In light of the uncertain political situation following a military takeover of the Government on 19 September, Australians in Thailand are advised to exercise a high degree of caution. The Australian Embassy is continuing to monitor the situation closely.

* You should avoid demonstrations, political rallies, and concentrations of military personnel. You should monitor the media, and follow the instructions issued by local authorities.

* There is a high threat of terrorist attack in Thailand. We continue to receive reports that terrorists may be planning attacks against a range of targets, including places frequented by foreigners.

* We strongly advise you to reconsider your need to travel at this time to the southern provinces of Yala, Pattani, Narathiwat and Songkhla or overland to and from the Malaysian border through these provinces, due to high levels of ongoing violence in these regions, including terrorist attacks. On 16 September 2006 there were coordinated bomb attacks in the commercial centre in the southern city of Hat Yai, Songkhla Province, killing five and injuring more than sixty people, including a number of foreigners.

* Over 1,200 people have reportedly been killed and many more injured since the violence broke out in January 2004 in the far southern provinces. Terrorists have warned foreign tourists not to travel to these areas. Further terrorist attacks cannot be ruled out and could occur at any time, anywhere in Thailand.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in The Gambia.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety if travelling overland from The Gambia to the Casamance region in southern Senegal because of the risk of attack by armed bandits.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in The Gambia. The Australian High Commission in Ghana provides consular assistance to Australians in The Gambia. The Canadian Embassy in Dakar, Senegal, and the British High Commission in Banjul, The Gambia, can also provide consular assistance to Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Tonga.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* A period of national mourning is being observed following the death of King Taufa'ahau Tupou IV on 10 September 2006. During the mourning period, which will end on 17 October, concerts, dancing and loud music are not appropriate.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

Summary

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Trinidad and Tobago because of the risk of serious criminal activity throughout the country.

* A series of explosions have occurred in public areas of Port of Spain since July 2005. Further bombings cannot be ruled out.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time its reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Tunisia because of the risk of terrorist attack.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to the areas bordering Algeria at this time because of the risk of kidnapping.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Tunisia. The Australian Embassy in Egypt provides consular assistance to Australians in Tunisia. The Canadian Embassy in Tunis can also provide consular assistance to Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time its reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Turkey because of the high threat of terrorist attack. We continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks against a range of targets, including places frequented by foreigners.

* Domestic terrorist groups (some with links to international terrorists) have carried out attacks in Turkey. Recent credible reports indicate that terrorists could be planning to increase the level of attacks across Turkey in the period surrounding the 15 August anniversary of the commencement of the Kurdistan Workers Partys (PKK) armed campaign. These attacks could occur at any time. There has been one violent demonstration, in Istanbul on 13 August, to mark the anniversary.

* On 28 August 2006 a bomb in the shopping area of Antalya, killed three people and injured dozens, including European tourists. The blast followed four bombs in the resort city of Marmaris and in the Bagcilar area of Istanbul that wounded 28 people, including 10 British tourists. A percussion bomb exploded opposite the east entrance of the Blue (Sultanahmet) Mosque in Istanbul on 15 August 2006. An explosion on 14 August 2006 near the Hagia Sofia also in Sultanahmet injured three. On 12 August 2006 a bomb exploded outside an internet café in Istanbul injuring six people. On 4 August 2005 two explosions in the Mediterranean city of Adana injured 17 people.

* The domestic terrorist group largely responsible for these attacks has recently called on foreign tourists to avoid Turkey or face unspecified consequences and threatened to stage further attacks against Turkey's tourism sector, targeting local and foreign tourist companies, hotels, travel and tourism agencies and all firms and companies in the tourism sector. Tourists and tourist interests have been targeted in the past and further attacks in areas popular with tourists, including Antalya, Adana, Izmir and Istanbul, are expected.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to provinces in the southeast of Turkey, including those in the border region between Turkey, Syria, Iraq and Iran, due to the unpredictable security situation. Since late March 2006 there have been a number of violent demonstrations in some south-eastern Turkish cities, resulting in a number of deaths and many injuries. If you do decide to travel to these areas, you should exercise extreme caution.

* There have been human deaths from avian influenza in Turkey. See the Health Issues section below for advice to Australians travelling to or resident in Turkey.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Turkmenistan because of the heightened state of security and possible increased scrutiny of foreigners by internal security authorities.

* Pay close attention to your personal security.

* Identity checks are common and you should carry identification at all times and ensure travel documents are in order.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the region bordering Afghanistan because of ongoing political and civil unrest in Afghanistan.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Turkmenistan. The Australian Embassy in Russia provides consular assistance to Australians in Turkmenistan.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Uganda because of the risk of terrorist attack, civil unrest and criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security at all times and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to northern Uganda, areas bordering Sudan and the Karamoja region of north-eastern Uganda because of the serious risk of attacks and abductions by the Lord's Resistance Army rebel group. Since late October 2005, a number of foreign aid workers have been killed and others injured in northern Uganda and southern Sudan in several separate attacks attributed to the Lord's Resistance Army. Further such attacks against foreign aid workers could occur.

* We also strongly advise you not to travel to Uganda's far south-west borders with the Democratic People's Republic of Congo (DRC) and Rwanda, and the Murchison Falls National Park near the western border with the DRC because of the risk of banditry and attacks by rebel groups.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Uganda. The Australian High Commission in Kenya provides consular assistance to Australians in Uganda.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Ukraine.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Australia has a Consulate in Ukraine headed by an Honorary Consul which provides limited consular assistance. The Australian Embassy in Russia provides full consular assistance to Australians in Ukraine.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in the United Arab Emirates because of the high threat of terrorist attack.

* We continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks against Western interests in the United Arab Emirates. Commercial and public areas frequented by foreigners are possible terrorist targets.

* Political developments in the region, including in relation to the situation in Lebanon, may prompt large demonstrations across the region, including in the United Arab Emirates. These demonstrations could turn violent and should be avoided.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in the United Kingdom because of the risk of terrorist attack.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security threats.

* The United Kingdom lowered the threat level to 'severe' on 14 August 2006. This means that an attack is highly likely and indicates a continuing high level of threat to the United Kingdom.

* UK authorities have also enhanced airport security following a reported foiled terrorist plot.

* On 7 July 2005, four bomb attacks occurred on the transport system of central London. Security measures remain at heightened levels and British authorities have warned that further attacks cannot be ruled out.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in the United States of America.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* The United States Department of Homeland Security's Advisory System Threat Level remains at Code Orange for all domestic and international flights, indicating a "high" risk of terrorist attack. It is at Code Yellow or "elevated" for all other sectors, indicating a significant risk of terrorist attack.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade does not issue a travel advice for Uruguay at this time.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Uzbekistan because of the high threat of terrorist attack.

* We continue to receive reports suggesting that terrorists may be planning attacks. These could occur at any time, anywhere in Uzbekistan, including the capital Tashkent, and could be directed against a range of targets, including locations known to be frequented by foreigners.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to Andizhan and the Eastern region of the Ferghana Valley. At least 187 protesters were killed during unrest and protests in May 2005 in Andizhan and the situation remains uncertain .

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to regions bordering Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan at this time due to the uncertain security situation and risk posed by landmines in those areas.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to the regions bordering Afghanistan at this time due to the hazardous security situation in that country and the risk posed by landmines.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Uzbekistan. The Australian Embassy in Russia provides consular assistance to Australians in Uzbekistan.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to be alert to your own security in Vanuatu.

* Exercise common sense and look out for suspicious behaviour, as you would in Australia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Venezuela because of the risk of criminal activity and ongoing political tensions.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the border states of Bolivar, Amazonas, Apure, Tachira, Zulia and Barinas because the Colombian terrorist group, FARC, and narcotics gangs are active in these areas.

* Following an outbreak of measles, authorities have decreed that all Venezuelan citizens and foreign national residents show proof of vaccination against measles and rubella on departure by air from the country, or otherwise submit to a compulsory vaccination at the airport. Australians resident in Venezuela are advised to carry documentary evidence of measles and rubella vaccinations when leaving the country.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Venezuela. The Canadian Embassy in the Venezuelan capital, Caracas, provides consular assistance to Australians in Venezuela (except the issue of passports). The Australian Embassy in Brazil can also assist Australians.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

Summary

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Vietnam because of the risk of criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety and security risks.

* There have been human cases of avian influenza in Vietnam. See the Health Issues section below for advice to Australians travelling to or resident in Vietnam.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to reconsider your need to travel to Yemen at this time because of the very high threat of terrorist attack.

* If you do decide to travel to Yemen, you should exercise extreme caution. We continue to receive reports that terrorists are planning attacks against Western interests in Yemen.

* In August and November 2005, a number of foreigners were briefly kidnapped by tribesmen with grievances against the Yemeni government. In the past tourists, including Australians, have also been kidnapped.

* Political developments in the region, including in relation to the situation in Lebanon, may prompt large demonstrations across the region, including in Yemen. These demonstrations could turn violent and should be avoided.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the Saada region in northern Yemen because of the risk of violent civil unrest. If you are in this region you should consider leaving.

* Given the terrorist threat in Yemen we strongly recommend that you register your travel and contact details with us, so we can contact you in an emergency.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Yemen. The Australian Embassy in Saudi Arabia provides consular assistance to Australians in Yemen.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise caution and monitor developments that might affect your safety in Zambia because of the risk of serious criminal activity.

* Pay close attention to your personal security and monitor the media for information about possible new safety or security risks.

* We strongly advise you not to travel to the border areas with the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola because of the risk of armed incursions and landmines in these areas.

* The level of HIV/AIDS infection in Zambia is very high.

* Australia does not have an Embassy or Consulate in Zambia. The Australian Embassy in Zimbabwe provides consular assistance to Australians in Zambia.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.

* We advise you to exercise a high degree of caution in Zimbabwe because of the high level of criminal activity and absence of the rule of law, especially in rural areas, resulting from deteriorating economic conditions and ongoing political tensions throughout the country.

* Foreigners, including Australians, have been targets of racially motivated violence.

* The level of HIV/AIDS infection in Zimbabwe is very high.

* The Australian Embassy in Harare has relocated to new premises. See the Where to Get Help section below for new contact details.

* Be a smart traveller. Before heading overseas:

* organise comprehensive travel insurance and check what circumstances and activities are not covered by your policy

* register your travel and contact details, so we can contact you in an emergency

* subscribe to this travel advice to receive free email updates each time it's reissued.